Oregon R&D Tax Credit: Know Your State and Federal Options

The Oregon R&D tax credit landscape splits businesses into two camps: semiconductor companies can claim both state and federal credits, while all other Oregon businesses can only access the federal R&D credit. The federal credit alone offers 14-20% back on qualified research expenses with no annual cap, making it valuable for manufacturers, software developers, biotech firms, and any business innovating through systematic experimentation.

Key Takeaways

• The federal R&D tax credit is available to ALL Oregon businesses conducting qualified research—no industry restrictions
• Federal credits offer 14-20% back on qualified research expenses with no annual cap
• Oregon has NO state R&D credit for most businesses—manufacturers, software, biotech, and other industries can only claim federal credits
• The One Big Beautiful Bill Act restored immediate federal R&D expense deductions in 2025
• Oregon’s ONLY state R&D credit is for semiconductor companies, offering 15% on research expenses
• Semiconductor companies can stack both state (15%, $4M cap) and federal credits (20%, no cap)
• Oregon Business & Industry is pushing to expand state credits to all manufacturers in 2025
• Annual Business Oregon certification is required for semiconductor companies claiming the state credit

Understanding R&D Credits for Oregon Businesses

Oregon businesses face a split reality when it comes to R&D tax credits. The good news? Every Oregon business conducting qualified research can claim substantial federal tax credits. The frustrating news? Oregon eliminated its broad state R&D credit in 2017 and brought back only a narrow semiconductor-specific version in 2024.

Here’s what this means for you: If you’re developing new products, improving processes, creating software, or conducting systematic experimentation, you can claim federal R&D credits regardless of your industry. Those credits deliver 14-20% back on qualifying expenses with no annual cap.

If you’re specifically in the semiconductor industry, you get an additional layer—a state credit offering 15% on qualifying research expenses up to $4 million annually. You can stack this with federal credits for even bigger tax savings.

Let’s start with what applies to everyone: the federal R&D credit.

Federal R&D Credit: Available to Every Oregon Business

The federal R&D tax credit is permanent, substantial, and available to all industries. A Portland software company, a Bend brewery, a Eugene medical device manufacturer, a Pendleton food processor—all qualify if they’re conducting the right kind of research.

The credit equals a percentage of your qualified research expenses above a base amount. You can choose between two calculation methods:

The Regular Credit gives you 20% of qualified research expenses exceeding your base amount. Your base amount is calculated using a fixed-base percentage from your historical R&D spending. This typically provides the largest credit for companies with long R&D histories.

The Alternative Simplified Credit (ASC) offers 14% of current year expenses exceeding 50% of your average expenses over the prior three years. Companies without significant historical R&D often benefit from this method. Startups can use 6% of current year expenses.

There’s no annual cap on federal credits. A company spending $5 million on qualified research could claim $1 million in federal credits. That’s real money returning to your business.

Industries That Qualify for Federal R&D Credits in Oregon

Manufacturing companies developing new products or improving production processes qualify. You’re experimenting with materials, testing tolerances, solving engineering problems.

Software developers creating new applications or improving existing code qualify. You’re building algorithms, testing different approaches, solving technical uncertainties.

Food and beverage companies developing new recipes, preservation methods, or production techniques qualify. That brewery testing different fermentation approaches? Those are qualified research activities.

Architecture and engineering firms developing new building techniques, structural solutions, or design methodologies qualify. Construction companies solving complex technical challenges qualify.

Biotechnology and pharmaceutical firms conducting research qualify. Medical device manufacturers developing new products qualify. Agriculture businesses improving crop yields or developing new cultivation methods qualify.

The federal credit doesn’t care about your industry. It cares about your activities.

The Four-Part Test Every Business Must Pass

Whether you’re claiming federal credits or (if you’re a semiconductor company) stacking state and federal credits, your research activities must pass the same four-part test. This test comes from IRC Section 41 and applies universally.

Part One: Eliminate Technical Uncertainty

Your research must eliminate uncertainty about how to develop or improve a product or process. You can’t claim work on purely cosmetic changes. The uncertainty has to be technical—can we make this machine run 20% faster? Can we reduce defect rates below 2%? Can we create a formulation that remains stable at higher temperatures?

Even unsuccessful research qualifies if it attempted to eliminate real technical uncertainty.

Part Two: Permitted Purpose

The purpose must be creating new or improved functionality, performance, reliability, or quality. Style changes don’t count. Marketing research doesn’t count. Management studies don’t count.

You’re improving the business component itself, not just making it prettier or more marketable.

Part Three: Technological in Nature

Your work must rely on engineering, computer science, physical sciences, or biological sciences. Patent attorneys doing legal research don’t qualify. Engineers designing new manufacturing processes do. Software developers creating new algorithms do. Food scientists testing preservation methods do.

Part Four: Process of Experimentation

You need to prove you experimented to solve the problem. That means testing multiple approaches, building prototypes, running simulations, conducting systematic trials. One engineer’s educated guess doesn’t qualify. A documented process evaluating alternatives does.

The experimentation can include modeling, simulation, systematic trial and error, or other methods. The key is that you evaluated alternatives systematically.

What Expenses Qualify for Federal R&D Credits

Federal Qualified Research Expenses (QREs) fall into four categories.

Wages paid to employees conducting qualified research count dollar-for-dollar. That includes engineers, scientists, technicians, and direct supervisors. If 80% or more of someone’s time goes to qualified research, their entire salary counts. Below 80%, you only count the time actually spent on qualified research.

Supplies used directly in research qualify. Raw materials for prototypes, chemicals for testing, components for experiments. The supplies must be consumed in the research process. Equipment you depreciate doesn’t qualify as a supply expense.

Contract research with third parties counts at 65% of what you pay. The contractor must be doing qualified research on your behalf, and you must retain substantial rights to the results. You can’t just hire someone to do routine work and call it research.

Cloud computing costs for software development qualify under specific circumstances. Pre-production and staging environments used for testing and development can count as qualified expenses.

Recent Federal Tax Law Changes That Transformed R&D Benefits

The One Big Beautiful Bill Act fundamentally changed R&D taxation in 2025. This affects every Oregon business claiming R&D credits.

Before 2025, you had to capitalize domestic R&D expenses and amortize them over five years. That created cash flow problems. You spent $1 million on research in 2023 but could only deduct $200,000 that year.

The new Section 174A permanently restores immediate expensing for domestic R&D. Spend a dollar on qualified research in 2025, deduct it in 2025. Foreign R&D still amortizes over 15 years, but domestic research is immediately deductible.

Companies that capitalized R&D in 2022-2024 get two options. Either deduct all remaining unamortized expenses in 2025, or spread them over 2025-2026. Small businesses can even amend prior returns to claim full expensing retroactively.

This means a Portland manufacturing company that spent $3 million on R&D from 2022-2024 might have $2.4 million of unamortized expenses sitting on their books. They can deduct that entire $2.4 million in 2025, creating immediate tax savings.

Pair immediate expensing with R&D credits and you’re getting both an immediate deduction and a 14-20% credit. That’s powerful tax planning.

Oregon’s State R&D Credit Reality: What You Need to Know

Oregon has no state R&D credit for manufacturers, software companies, biotech firms, food processors, or any other industry except semiconductors. That’s the hard truth every Oregon business owner needs to understand upfront.

Oregon went without any state R&D credit from 2017 until 2024. The old credit expired because lawmakers couldn’t prove it changed company behavior—most companies using the credit would have done the research anyway.

When Oregon brought back a state R&D credit in 2024, they made it laser-focused on one industry: semiconductors. The timing wasn’t coincidental. Federal CHIPS Act money was flowing, states were competing for semiconductor investments, and Oregon needed to keep its Silicon Forest competitive.

Governor Tina Kotek signed House Bill 2009 on July 18, 2023. Oregon’s business lobby pushed hard for a broader credit covering all manufacturers and technology companies. Budget constraints won out. Lawmakers allocated limited funds specifically to compete for federal semiconductor investments.

Oregon is one of only 12 states without a broad R&D tax credit. Nearly every state competing for business investment offers one. That puts Oregon businesses at a disadvantage when companies decide where to locate manufacturing facilities or research operations.

The Push to Expand Beyond Semiconductors

Oregon Business & Industry announced in 2024 that they’re leading efforts to expand the credit to all Oregon manufacturers in 2025. The Oregon Business Council, Technology Association of Oregon, and multiple industry groups actively support this expansion.

Duncan Wyse, President of the Oregon Business Council, noted that “Oregon is one of only 12 states without an R&D Tax Credit, while nearly every state competing against us for investment has one.”

But expansion faces the same budget hurdles that limited the original credit. Watch the 2025 and 2027 legislative sessions. Those represent the best opportunities for expansion before the current semiconductor credit expires in 2030.

Until then, if you’re not in semiconductors, your only R&D tax credit option is federal.

Deep Dive: Oregon’s Semiconductor R&D Tax Credit

If you’re in the semiconductor industry, you’ve got access to both federal and state R&D credits. Let’s break down exactly how Oregon’s semiconductor-specific credit works and how you can stack it with federal benefits.

Who Qualifies as a Semiconductor Company in Oregon

Your company qualifies as a semiconductor business if your primary work involves research, design, development, fabrication, assembly, testing, packaging, or validation of semiconductors. Or creating semiconductor manufacturing equipment, core intellectual property, or electronic design automation software primarily for the semiconductor industry.

That “primarily” word matters. Business Oregon evaluates whether your main business ties directly to semiconductors. A software company that happens to have some chip clients probably won’t qualify. A company designing testing equipment specifically for semiconductor fabs probably will.

There are two buckets of qualified semiconductor companies. First are companies involved in the production of semiconductors themselves—the design, fabrication, testing, and validation work. Second are companies that create the tools and technology that enable semiconductor production—manufacturing equipment, core IP, electronic design automation software.

Your application to Business Oregon must describe how you meet this definition. Don’t submit generic industry descriptions. Explain your specific business activities and how they tie to semiconductors. If semiconductor work isn’t your primary business, you won’t qualify even if you do some chip-related work.

Oregon Semiconductor Credit Details

The credit offers 15% of qualified research expenses that exceed your base amount. This rate is among the highest in the nation for state R&D credits. The old Oregon credit that expired in 2017 only offered 5%.

The credit caps at $4 million per taxpayer annually. The prior credit was limited to $1 million per taxpayer. Both corporate and pass-through entity taxpayers can claim the credit, so it offsets personal and corporate income taxes.

The credit applies to tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2024, and before January 1, 2030. You have six years to maximize this benefit before the sunset.

Oregon piggybacks on federal law. If your research qualifies under IRC Section 41, it qualifies for Oregon’s credit. The same four-part test applies. The same expense categories qualify—wages, supplies, contract research.

The key difference? Only research conducted in Oregon by your company qualifies for the state credit. If your team spans multiple states, document where each activity occurred. Federal credits can cover all U.S. research, but Oregon credits only apply to Oregon-based work.

State Budget Caps You Should Understand

Oregon capped total semiconductor R&D credits at $35 million for 2023-2025, rising to $80 million for 2025-2027, then $90 million for 2027-2029, and finally $50 million for the fiscal year 2029-2030.

What happens if applications exceed the cap? Business Oregon uses a first-come, first-served system with some preference for smaller companies. The refundability structure favors businesses with fewer than 3,000 employees.

If aggregate applications would exceed the biennial limit, Business Oregon can reduce the percentage of projected credits certified. Your $4 million claim might get certified for $3.2 million if demand is high.

This creates incentive to apply early and get your documentation in order before certification deadlines.

Biennium	Total Credit Cap	Annual Average
2023-2025	$35 million	$17.5 million
2025-2027	$80 million	$40 million
2027-2029	$90 million	$45 million
2029-2030	$50 million	$50 million

The Business Oregon Certification Process

You can’t just claim Oregon’s semiconductor credit on your return. You must get certified first. This is a critical difference from federal credits, which require no pre-approval.

The deadline for 2025 tax year certification is October 15, 2025. Miss that deadline and you’re out of luck for the year. There’s no grace period or late filing option.

Your application must describe how you meet the qualified semiconductor company definition. Explain your specific business activities and how they tie to semiconductors. Generic descriptions won’t cut it.

You need to provide historical qualified research expenses averaged over three preceding years and project your current year expenses. Business Oregon uses this to ensure total credits don’t exceed the biennial cap.

A certification fee applies, though the amount varies. Business Oregon hasn’t published a standard fee schedule. Expect to pay for the administrative cost of reviewing your application.

Once certified, you file Schedule OR-RESEARCH with your Oregon tax return. The Department of Revenue released this form in October 2024. Your tax preparer needs both the Business Oregon certification and detailed QRE calculations to complete the schedule properly.

Annual certification is required. Even if you were certified for 2024, you must reapply for 2025, 2026, and each subsequent year you claim the credit. Business Oregon wants to verify ongoing eligibility and manage the aggregate cap.

Refundability for Smaller Semiconductor Companies

Companies with fewer than 3,000 Oregon employees get money back even without tax liability. That’s huge for growing semiconductor businesses that aren’t profitable yet or are reinvesting heavily.

The refund percentage scales based on headcount. Smaller companies get higher refund rates. The exact percentages aren’t published in the statute, but Business Oregon determines them during certification based on your employee count at year-end.

Companies with 3,000 or more Oregon employees get zero refundability. They can use the credit to offset tax liability, but any unused credit just carries forward—no cash refund.

Non-refundable credits carry forward five years. That gives you time to use them as your tax liability grows or your headcount changes.

The refundable portion can even offset Oregon’s corporate minimum tax. Any excess after that gets refunded as cash. This is valuable for companies subject to minimum tax despite having no income tax liability.

Stacking Oregon and Federal R&D Credits

Here’s where semiconductor companies get a real advantage: you can claim both Oregon and federal credits on the same research expenses.

A mid-sized semiconductor equipment manufacturer in Hillsboro with 500 employees spends $8 million annually on R&D. Assuming their expenses increased over the base amount, they could claim:

Oregon state credit: 15% rate on $8 million = $1.2 million (capped at $4 million, so they get the full benefit). Because they have fewer than 3,000 employees, a portion of this credit is refundable.

Federal credit: 20% rate on $8 million = $1.6 million (no cap, so they get the full amount).

Combined, they’re getting $2.8 million back for doing research they were already planning. The immediate expensing under Section 174A means they also deduct the full $8 million in year one rather than amortizing it over five years. That’s an extra $1.68 million in federal deductions (at 21% corporate rate).

Total tax benefit: $2.8 million in credits plus $1.68 million in deduction value = $4.48 million in tax savings on $8 million of R&D spend.

That’s a 56% effective tax reduction on R&D expenses. The numbers make innovation more affordable.

Feature	Oregon Semiconductor Credit	Federal R&D Credit
Industry Eligibility	Semiconductor companies only	All industries
Credit Rate	15% of increased QREs	20% of increased QREs (regular) or 14%/6% (ASC)
Annual Cap	$4 million per taxpayer	No cap
Refundability	Partial (based on employee count)	Limited (startups only, payroll tax offset)
Certification Required	Yes, annually through Business Oregon	No pre-certification needed
Research Location	Oregon only	All U.S. research
Expiration	January 1, 2030	Permanent

Oregon’s Silicon Forest and the Semiconductor Ecosystem

Oregon’s semiconductor industry isn’t just Intel. Hillsboro hosts 78% of the state’s semiconductor workers. The Portland metro area has developed an entire ecosystem of chip designers, equipment manufacturers, materials suppliers, and testing firms.

Oregon State University trains the engineers these companies hire. Portland Community College runs semiconductor technician programs. This workforce pipeline makes R&D more efficient when you’re not constantly competing for talent with California or Texas.

The challenge? Intel’s recent layoffs—over 3,100 positions cut in 2025—created uncertainty. The company lost $19 billion in fiscal 2024. New CEO Lip-Bu Tan is restructuring.

Mike Wilkerson, a partner at ECONorthwest, notes that despite the turbulence, “when you’re at that cutting edge, you’re refreshing that technology much more frequently, almost continuously.” Oregon’s R&D credit aims to maintain that edge even as individual companies struggle.

What Non-Semiconductor Oregon Businesses Should Focus On

If you’re not in the semiconductor industry, here’s your reality: no state R&D credit exists for you. Focus all your energy on maximizing federal credits.

A Portland software company with 20 employees spending $800,000 annually on qualifying R&D wages and supplies generates $100,000 to $160,000 in federal tax credits annually (depending on calculation method). No Oregon state credit exists for them, but those federal savings remain real and substantial.

A Bend brewery developing new fermentation processes could claim federal credits on engineer salaries, lab supplies, and experimentation costs. The four-part test applies the same way. Document your technical uncertainty, prove experimentation, show you relied on biological or chemical sciences.

A Eugene medical device manufacturer could claim credits on prototype development and testing. An architecture firm in Portland solving complex structural challenges qualifies. A food processor in Hermiston developing new preservation methods qualifies.

The federal credit doesn’t discriminate by industry. It rewards systematic experimentation to eliminate technical uncertainty.

Other Oregon Business Incentives (That Aren’t R&D-Specific)

Oregon offers several business incentives, though none specifically target R&D activities. Understanding these helps you build a complete tax strategy.

The Enterprise Zone program provides property tax abatements for three to five years for businesses locating or expanding in 76 designated zones. You must be a manufacturer, processor, shipper, call center, headquarters-type facility, or qualifying hotel. The program requires job creation and wage thresholds but doesn’t specifically reward R&D activities. You could claim Enterprise Zone benefits AND federal R&D credits if you meet both sets of requirements.

The Strategic Investment Program offers 15-year property tax abatements for very large capital investments—$25 million in rural areas or $100 million elsewhere. This benefits major semiconductor fab expansions but isn’t an R&D-specific incentive. Think of it as a real estate tax break, not an innovation incentive.

The Business Expansion Program provides forgivable loans to companies creating at least 50 high-wage jobs. You must employ at least 150 people nationally and operate in a traded sector. Again, this rewards job creation and wage levels, not R&D specifically.

These programs help Oregon businesses grow and can work alongside federal R&D credits. But they’re fundamentally different from R&D tax credits that reward innovation and experimentation regardless of headcount or capital investment.

Critical Documentation Requirements for All Oregon Businesses

Whether you’re claiming just federal credits or stacking state and federal credits, documentation makes or breaks your claim during an audit.

Five Things Every Business Must Track

Document every project’s technical uncertainty from day one. Write down what you didn’t know at the start. Judges and auditors want to see you identified the uncertainty upfront, not retrofitted it years later during an audit.

Track employee time on qualified activities with contemporaneous records. Payroll records alone don’t cut it. You need project assignments, timesheets, or other records showing who worked on what. Don’t wait until year-end to reconstruct time allocation.

Keep records of your experimentation process. Lab notes, test results, failed prototypes, simulation data, code repositories showing iteration. The IRS wants proof you evaluated alternatives, not just that you eventually succeeded. Failure is fine if you tried systematic approaches.

For semiconductor companies only: Maintain clear records separating Oregon research from out-of-state work. The Oregon credit only applies to research conducted in Oregon. If your team spans multiple states, document where each activity occurred. Use project codes, location tags, or other tracking methods.

Save everything for at least six years. Oregon has a three-year statute of limitations for state credits, but the federal clock runs longer in some cases. Audits can happen years after you file.

New IRS Documentation Requirements Starting 2024

The IRS revised Form 6765 for tax year 2024. Companies claiming over $1.5 million in qualified research expenses must provide:

Detailed methodology descriptions explaining how you calculated your credit. Business component listings identifying each product, process, or software you improved. Officer attestations signed under penalty of perjury. Substantiation showing nexus between expenses and qualified research.

These requirements increase audit risk for companies with poor documentation. The IRS is scrutinizing R&D credits more heavily than ever.

Why Working with R&D Credit Specialists Matters

The IRS scrutinizes R&D credits heavily. Professional R&D credit firms employ engineers and CPAs who understand both the technical requirements and tax regulations. They document activities contemporaneously, not years later during an audit.

A company doing this internally often misses 30-40% of qualifying expenses. Engineers don’t think about tracking experimentation documentation the way auditors need to see it. Project managers don’t segregate qualifying work from routine production.

For semiconductor companies, specialists help navigate both state certification and federal credit claims. They understand how to document Oregon-specific research separately from multi-state projects. They know what Business Oregon looks for in certification applications.

For non-semiconductor companies, specialists maximize federal credits you might not realize you’re entitled to claim. That software development you thought was routine? It might qualify. Those manufacturing process improvements? Likely qualified research.

The upfront cost of hiring specialists typically pays for itself several times over in additional credits identified and audit risk reduced. These aren’t simple deductions where you just add up receipts. The four-part test requires technical analysis and legal interpretation.

A mid-sized manufacturing company might pay $15,000-$25,000 for a comprehensive R&D credit study. If that study identifies $200,000 in annual credits the company didn’t know about, the ROI is immediate and continues year after year.

Looking Ahead: Will Oregon Expand the Credit?

Oregon Business & Industry announced in 2024 that they’re leading efforts in 2025 to increase the credit amount and expand eligibility to all Oregon manufacturers. The Oregon Business Council, Technology Association of Oregon, and multiple industry groups actively support this expansion.

The lobbying makes sense. Oregon is one of only 12 states without a broad R&D credit. Nearly every state competing for business investment offers one. Companies choosing where to locate manufacturing facilities or research operations look at these incentives.

Budget constraints remain the biggest obstacle. When HB 2009 passed in 2023, lawmakers considered broader credits for advanced manufacturing. Budget limitations narrowed it to semiconductors only. The same fiscal pressures exist today.

The credit’s 2030 sunset creates a natural review point. If the semiconductor credit demonstrably increases R&D investment, lawmakers might renew or expand it. If it follows the pattern of the pre-2017 credit—where most usage came from companies that would have done the research anyway—expansion becomes harder to justify.

Watch the 2025 and 2027 legislative sessions. Those represent the best opportunities for expansion before the current credit expires.

For now, semiconductor companies should maximize the credit while it exists. Non-semiconductor companies should focus on federal credits, monitor legislative developments, and consider joining industry groups advocating for expansion.

Taking Action on Your R&D Tax Credit Strategy

If You’re a Semiconductor Company

Start by determining whether your primary business meets the qualified semiconductor company definition. Don’t self-certify based on hope. Review the statute with legal counsel or tax advisors who understand Oregon’s specific requirements.

Identify all qualified research activities your company conducted in Oregon during the current year. Apply the four-part test rigorously to each business component. Remember: only Oregon-based research qualifies for the state credit.

Calculate your base amount using the federal methodology. Compare it to current year qualified research expenses to determine your incremental increase. This calculation applies to both state and federal credits.

Apply for Business Oregon certification before the October 15 deadline. Submit complete applications with all required documentation—historical expense data, projections, and detailed descriptions of your semiconductor business.

Coordinate your Oregon credit with federal credit claims. The same activities often qualify for both, but documentation requirements differ. You’ll need Schedule OR-RESEARCH for your Oregon return and Form 6765 for your federal return.

Review your 2022-2024 capitalized R&D expenses. Calculate whether claiming the full deduction in 2025 or spreading it over two years creates better tax outcomes given your specific tax situation.

If You’re Any Other Oregon Business

Accept the reality that no state credit exists for you. Don’t waste time hoping for one or trying to creatively qualify as a semiconductor company. Focus your energy where it matters: maximizing federal credits.

Identify all qualified research activities across your entire U.S. operation. Manufacturing process improvements, software development, product engineering, recipe development, agricultural innovations—if it passes the four-part test, it qualifies.

Calculate your federal credit using either the Regular method or Alternative Simplified Credit method. Run both calculations to see which delivers more value for your specific fact pattern.

Review your 2022-2024 capitalized R&D expenses. The catch-up deduction opportunity could be substantial if you’ve been amortizing expenses for three years.

Monitor Oregon legislative developments. Join industry groups like Oregon Business & Industry, your local chamber of commerce, or your sector’s trade association. They’re actively lobbying for credit expansion. Your voice matters in those discussions. Contact your state legislators and explain how a broader R&D credit would affect your business decisions.

Action Steps That Apply to Everyone

Implement contemporaneous documentation systems now. Don’t try to reconstruct R&D activities years later. Track technical uncertainty, experimentation, and qualified expenses as projects progress.

Consider working with R&D tax credit specialists. The initial investment typically pays for itself many times over through identified opportunities and reduced audit risk.

Review your accounting methods for R&D expenses. The new Section 174A rules create planning opportunities around timing and expense classification.

Plan ahead for multi-year credits. R&D credits aren’t one-time events. Companies with ongoing innovation can claim credits year after year, building substantial tax savings over time.

The combination of federal R&D credits, Section 174A expensing, and (for semiconductor companies) Oregon’s state credit creates powerful tax planning opportunities. The key is understanding which incentives actually apply to your business, maintaining proper documentation, and claiming everything you’re entitled to receive.

Oregon R&D Tax Credit FAQs

R&D Tax Credits by State

Citations

• Oregon Legislative Assembly. “82nd Oregon Legislative Assembly–2023 Regular Session Enrolled House Bill 2009.” https://olis.oregonlegislature.gov/liz/2023R1/Downloads/MeasureDocument/HB2009/Enrolled
• Business Oregon. “R&D Tax Credit: Research and Development Tax Credit for Semiconductors.” https://www.oregon.gov/biz/programs/tax_credit_semiconductors/pages/default.aspx
• https://pro.bloombergtax.com/insights/federal-tax/rd-tax-credit-and-deducting-rd-expenditures/
• Oregon Public Broadcasting. “Intel bets new device debuting in Hillsboro will cement company’s place as industry leader.” https://www.opb.org/article/2024/04/18/intel-hillsboro-oregon-new-device-semiconductors/
• Internal Revenue Service. “Audit techniques guide: Credit for Increasing Research Activities (i.e. Research Tax Credit) IRC § 41 – Qualified research activities.” https://www.irs.gov/businesses/audit-techniques-guide-credit-for-increasing-research-activities-ie-research-tax-credit-irc-ss-41-qualified-research-activities
• Axios Portland. “How Oregon’s semiconductor industry is faring after layoffs, funding loss.” https://www.axios.com/local/portland/2025/01/15/oregon-semiconductor-layoffs-chips-funding-intel
• Cascade Systems Technology. “CST testimony to the Oregon Legislatures: Oregon should enact the R&D tax credit.” https://cascadesystems.net/oregon-rd-tax-credit/
• Oregon Business Report. “R & D Tax Credit Rulemaking Begins.” https://oregonbusinessreport.com/2024/04/r-d-tax-credit-rulemaking-begins/